Start with the people who know the problem.
What happens
We speak with the client team, review the current product or process and gather what already exists. That might be analytics, support tickets, spreadsheets, screenshots, old proposals or a brief written the night before the call.
What we need
Access to the people who understand the business and the willingness to discuss the awkward parts, including constraints, internal disagreement and what has already failed.
What comes out
A shared view of the situation and the questions that still need evidence.